How Many Cameras Are On The Tesla Car Going Into Space?
In mid-2021 Tesla announced information technology'southward only using cameras for Autopilot, what it calls Tesla Vision, eliminating radar from its vehicles.
Tesla has long held the position that photographic camera sensing for autonomous driving is non only possible only preferred, eschewing additional sensors such every bit lidar used by other companies such as Cruise and Waymo.
In fact, Elon Musk famously once said that LiDAR is a fool'due south errand. At present information technology seems, maybe radar is besides.
Here'southward the caput of Tesla's AI, Andrej Karpathy explaining the technical reasons why no radar or LiDAR is need and the rationale for going vision-only:
Radar has long been used by automotive manufacturers and suppliers of Advanced Commuter Assistance Systems (ADAS) such equally those provided by Mobileye and used by many pop car brands such as BMW, Nissan, Volvo, and more (run into Cars with Autopilot).
Radar was used historically since information technology was cost-effective and simple ways to detect something relatively large in forepart of the vehicle, at which point the arrangement would respond past braking, every bit is the instance with Automatic Emergency Braking (AEB) systems or helping to keep separation from another vehicle in the case of Distance Cruise Command.
On the other paw, since radar can't actually "meet" the road, manufacturers added cameras to assist detect road markings, in society to go along a vehicle centered with lane markings, for example.
8 Cameras and Powerful Hardware
Tesla was one of the beginning to integrate cameras all around the vehicle as standard equipment, allowing the auto to run into 360 degrees and upwardly to 250 meters. In addition, Tesla has integrated powerful AI computing into its cars (see Hardware 3) that allows the vehicle to process camera images far faster than ever possible before, making other sensors such every bit radar and ultrasonic sensors redundant, if not confusing for the system to procedure.
Non Everyone Agrees
This has come as a shock to many in the industry who experience quite the opposite, in fact, that more than sensors such as LiDAR are needed, not fewer sensors. It too raises the question of how Autopilot will handle low visibility situations such as in twilight, evening or foggy situations where radar nonetheless functions. In fact, Tesla's website previously proclaimed that its radar "passes through fog, dust, rain, snowfall and nether cars," and that "radar plays an essential role in detecting and responding to forward objects," something owners who bulldoze in less than ideal weather condition may now need to worry virtually.
Radar Removed from Tesla Vehicles
Starting in mid-2021, Tesla no longer equipped vehicles with radar sensors and they now rely solely on cameras for Autopilot and Full Cocky-Driving capabilities (see what's the difference). This change started with the Model 3 and Model Y in N America, while vehicles outside of N America and the Model S and Model X will continue to include radar for the fourth dimension beingness.
Other Manufacturers with Vision Only
Tesla isn't the only one that relies solely on vision for Automatic Emergency Braking (AEB), Distance Prowl Command, and Lane Keeping Help functions. Other manufacturers have been doing so for years, most notably Subaru with its EyeSight organization.
Photographic camera Systems in Drones
Other devices, such as drones, have proven that information technology's possible to navigate very circuitous 3D environments. For example, Skydio makes the Skydio 2 Drone which uses half dozen cameras to navigate a 3D environment while flying. It uses a NVIDIA Tegra TX2 for computational AI which like to Tesla'due south Full Cocky-Driving Calculator, simply less powerful.
The information collected past the cameras creates a detailed map of the environment, like to LiDAR as shown below:
Upgraded Autopilot Cameras with Hardware 4?
With the increased reliance on cameras, there are also rumors that the new upcoming Total Self Driving Estimator, Hardware 4, coming with the Cybertruck in 2023, may too include upgraded cameras.
The current front end-facing cameras have a one.2 megapixel resolution (1280 x 960) and information technology'southward believed that Tesla may upgrade those cameras to higher resolution cameras such as the Sony IMX490 which has a 5.44 megapixel resolution (2896 x 1876). These are non merely higher resolution merely also wide-angle, so may reduce the number of cameras needed upfront (due east.yard. from 3 to two, for example).
In addition to being college resolution, the Sony sensors also have flicker mitigation to ameliorate read LED signs which are disquisitional traffic control circumstances.
High-Resolution Imaging Radar
While Tesla's former radar engineering science wasn't robust plenty Elon has said if radar could be made "high resolution", then information technology could be a useful input.
That high resolution may be coming soon. And then-called "imaging radar" from manufacturers such as Continental, Magna/Uhnder and Oculii are on the horizon and could be used by vehicle manufacturers in futurity cars.
The Future
While other manufacturers, like Volvo, are calculation boosted sensors such as LiDAR, Tesla is downgrading its sensor suite. It remains to be seen whether Tesla Vision will be robust plenty to handle driving in all situations every bit originally promised with its optional and expensive Full Cocky-Driving packet, and doing so significantly better than a human driver.
Read More than
- Cameras vs LiDAR for Self-Driving – What'due south Better?
Source: https://www.autopilotreview.com/tesla-vision-cameras-only/
Posted by: ashleywiling.blogspot.com
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